Desigualdad de ingresos en los países de la OCDE y su relación con la actividad de innovación entre los años 2000-2017

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the relationship between innovation and income inequality, using the random effects panel methodology for OECD countries in the period from 2000 to 2017. The countries were classified by blocks according to their geographical location. For the work, the total number of patent applications and R&D are taken as innovation measures and the Gini coefficient to quantify income inequality, and thus examine from a theoretical and empirical perspective with the methodology, because, it allows to identify the existence of a fixed effect of innovative capacity on income inequality, controlled by the characteristics of the OECD member countries. The results indicate that there is a negative relationship between innovation and income inequality. The policy recommendations revolve around taking into account the characteristics of each country, to guarantee a more equitable distributive effect of the income obtained by the innovation processes for the entire population, and thus not affect its productivity.